Sponges are active suspension feeders with the capability of absorbing ≈ 80% of suspended particles dissolved in the water column or present in sediments (Reiswig 1974 Müller and Müller 1998). These organisms provide key ecological services, including reworking of solid carbonate through bioerosion, nutrient recycling, primary production through microbial symbionts, clearance of the water column of prokaryotic plankton, and food for other biota (Wulff 2006). Sponges are benthic sessile organisms, attached to rocky surfaces or shells, and are present both in open seas and estuaries (Châtel et al. Marine sponges (Porifera) are an ancient metazoan group and a major component of benthic fauna throughout temperate, tropical, and polar environments (Bell 2008). Our results suggest that the proposed test battery can be considered a suitable tool as bioactivity screening of marine natural products. tricornutum growth and had toxic effects on different F. fischeri was observed for all tested samples. In particular, no significant reduction of bioluminescence of A. The effects of extracts were species specific and did not vary among different extraction methodologies. Tests were performed using three common species, associated with three different endpoints: the marine bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri (inhibition of bioluminescence), the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum (inhibition of growth), and different development stages of the brackish water serpulid Ficopomatus enigmaticus (gametes: sperm motion, vitality inhibition and cellular damage larvae: development adults: AChE (acetylcholinesterase)-inhibitory activity). In this study, four different extracts (obtained by non-polar and semi-polar extraction methodologies) of the Mediterranean sponge Ircinia oros were tested through a multi-bioassay integrated approach to assess their antifouling potential. The phylum Porifera and their symbionts produce a wide variety of bioactive compounds, playing a central role in their ecology and evolution.
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